PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.